According to the use, it is divided into mining cars for transporting coal and gangue, human vehicles for transporting personnel, and special vehicles for transporting materials and equipment. According to the unloading method, it is divided into fixed box-type minecar, tip-type minecar, bottom unloading minecar, side unloading minecar, warehouse train, shuttle minecar (see shuttle minecar).

Fixed mine car

The car box is fixed to the frame, and the car must be flipped and unloaded with a tipper. The basic components are a car box, a frame, a buffer, a coupling and a walking mechanism. The frame is a metal structure, which can withstand the traction force, braking force, collision force between the mine car and the rail impact force. The buffer is installed at both ends of the frame to mitigate the impact force between the two cars. The coupling is a part of connecting locomotive and mining car, commonly used with latch chain ring and rotary chain, large mining car uses automatic coupler with buffer function. The walking mechanism is a two-wheel set consisting of four wheels and two axles. When the sum of mining cars and materials exceeds 20 tons, the number of wheelsets should generally be increased. For more than two wheelsets of mining cars, in order to facilitate the passage of the bend, the two wheelsets are formed into a car with a turntable, which is called a bogie.

Relying on special unloading equipment to unload, by the car box, frame, wheelset, buffer and connectors and other components of the common volume of 1.1 ~ 3.3m. Car box and frame fixed connection, car box is to withstand the load of the box, welded by low carbon steel plate, frame is the basic components of the mining car, by two longitudinal beams and beams constitute the frame, can withstand traction. The buffer is installed at both ends of the frame to mitigate the impact force between the two mining cars. The buffer is divided into rigid buffer and spring buffer. The rigid buffer is simple in structure, but the buffer effect is not good, which is easy to damage the frame and shorten the life of the mine car, and is only suitable for small mine car. The spring buffer can only buffer the impact of the impact, can not buffer the traction impact. The single or double bar spring buffer can buffer both the impact and the traction impact. The coupler that connects the car into a group and transfers traction force should be reliable enough and easy to operate to ensure the safety of the car formation and decomposition. After the car is connected, there must be free movement in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, so that the car can run freely on the bend with small curvature radius and the inclined roadway with inconsistent slope. According to its mode of action, the connector is divided into ordinary type and automatic type; According to the structure is divided into reversible and non-reversible. The ordinary non-rotating connector has a single ring chain and a three-ring chain, which is suitable for the connection of the dump truck and the fixed car box type mine car. The rotary connector has a universal chain, which is used to fix the box-type mine car when it is unloaded without lifting the hook in the circular tipper. All of the above common connectors must be connected to the mine car with a latch. The automatic connector is also divided into two kinds of rotary and non-rotary, it is easy to use and safe to operate, but the structure is complex, and it is only used for large mining car connection. The wheelset consists of an axle and two wheels. The wheel shaft is made of rolling bearings, the wheels are made of cast steel, and the wheel tread is truncated and tapered to ensure that the car runs along the track center.

Skip type mine car

The section of the car box is V-shaped or U-shaped, which is supported on the turnover rail of the frame, and the car box is flipped and unloaded on the turnover rail.

Tip-over mining car (that is, tip-over mining car, that is, mining bucket) is mainly composed of the following parts: mining car box, frame, buffer mining car meet, three-ring chain, mining car dowel axle and wheels. Tipper car is characterized by the overall structure is simple, durable, easy to use, as long as the manpower to open the stop plate can be easily unloaded materials. The shape is divided into U type and V type, generally can also be called bucket mining car, the axle adopts roller bearings, effectively reducing the running resistance, so the locomotive or manpower can be pulled or pushed. The bearing is divided into solid and hollow shaft, 30313 bearing, solid shaft 80 thick, the car is made of steel plate, the general thickness of steel plate reaches 4-5 thick, if there are special requirements can be customized according to the requirements, the base is composed of 14# channel steel.

It is composed of V-shaped or U-shaped section car box, manual or foot connecting rod, turning rail, frame, etc. The truck can be flipped off and restored to the original position by switching the heavy center of gravity from the empty center of gravity. The commonly used volume is 0.6 ~ 1.7m3.

Side dump car

It is composed of movable side doors on one or both sides, pull rod, unloading curve rail, turning over car box, etc. Use the unloading track of the unloading station to open one or both unloading doors for unloading. The commonly used volume is 2.2 ~ 5.5m3.

Single side curved rail side unloading car: one or both sides of the car box can be opened, with the help of the unloading rail installed on the unloading point to tilt the car, pull the rod to open the side door to unload.

Bottom dump car

Bottom (side) dump car

One or both sides of the car can be opened, and the car can be tilted with the help of the unloading curve rail installed on the unloading point, and the pull rod can open the side door for unloading (side unloading) or the bottom plate of the car can be opened backward or to the side for unloading (bottom unloading) by gravity.

Bottom dump car and dump pit

It is composed of a car box, a wing plate and a moving car bottom, and has a whole car bottom unloading type, a two-section car bottom longitudinal unloading type and a two-section car bottom transverse unloading type. When unloading, the mining car is running, the car box with the wing plate is running on the wheel group, and the movable bottom of the car is gradually opened and unloaded along the unloading curve rail, and then gradually closed during the driving. The commonly used volume is 3.3 ~ 5.5m3.

Shuttle car

The bottom of the car is a scraper conveyor. When loading, the front end of the mining car is filled first, and the conveyor gradually moves the loaded materials to the back end, continuously fills the mining car, and is unloaded by the conveyor. This kind of mining car box volume is large, high efficiency, because of the shuttle as frequent and named.

Segmented mine car

It is composed of car sections which are hinged with each other and have an open bottom; The number of car segments of the mine car is determined by the pulling capacity of the locomotive. It is mainly used for underground transportation of ore and waste rock. Compared with the single mine car group, its advantages are: large volume coefficient, small weight coefficient, short unloading and shunting time, large loading capacity, large loading station and unloading station passing capacity, large electric locomotive transportation production capacity, can reduce the number of car groups and electric locomotive number, can improve the safety of underground transportation.

Bucket transfer train

A number of mining cars are connected in series, and the two sides of the car form two parallel long tracks through the lap of the movable arms, which are unloaded one by one to the mining car by the store-type cart filled with minerals and with four rollers. The volume of the warehouse car can be equal to the mine car, but also half of the mine car volume; Each time a car is filled, the barn type car makes one round trip or two round trips. It can save a lot of shunting time when using this kind of train in the excavation work of monorail single-head roadway. A mining car with an all-steel structure car with two cased cylinders at the lower part of each side of the pneumatic self-tipping car; There are two types of narrow gauge and quasi-gauge. When using this kind of mining car, an air compressor must be provided on the tractor car or at the unloading site, and compressed air is injected into the cylinder when the cargo is tipped. For mines with a unified compressed air network, pipeline compressed air can also be used for unloading. This kind of car has long service life and small maintenance workload.